热处理对3Cr13MoCu马氏体不锈钢抗菌性能的影响研究EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON ANTIBACTERIAL PERFORMANCE OF 3Cr13MoCu STAINLESS STEEL

利用抗菌性能检测、硬度测试、TEM 观察、激光共聚焦显微镜观察和 SEM 观察等手段, 研究了时效处理对 3Cr13MoCu 马氏体不锈钢抗菌性能的影响. 研究结果表明, 随着时效温度的升高, 3Cr13MoCu马氏体不锈钢中的富Cu相不断长大, 对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌率不断提高, 但其硬度迅速下降. 而在500 ℃进行时效处理时, 延长时效时间至10~14 h后, 钢中富Cu相含量不断增加, 其抗菌性能和硬度均不断提高. 结合抗菌性能和硬度测试结果, 确定 3Cr13MoCu 不锈钢的优化热处理制度为: 1080 ℃固溶 30 min, 水冷 + 500 ℃时效 10~14 h, 空冷. 在此热处理工艺下, 3Cr13MoCu 不锈钢表现出了非常优异的抗菌性能, 在杀灭游离态细菌的同时, 还可以有效地抑制表面细菌生物膜的形成.
The effect of aging on antibacterial performance of 3Cr13MoCu martensitic stainless steel was studied by antibacterial test, Vickers hardness measurement, TEM observation, confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and SEM observations. The results showed that increase of the aging temperature did favor to rapid precipitation of Cu-rich phases in the steel matrix, and correspondingly, the antibacterial rate was increased, but the hardness declined. Aging at 500 ℃ for 10~14 h could enhance both antibacterial rate and hardness due to the increase of precipitation of Cu-rich phases. Therefore the optimal heat treatment for 3Cr13MoCu stainless steel was proposed to solution at 1080 ℃ for 30 min, water cooling to room temperature, then aging at 500 ℃ for 10~14 h, air cooling to room temperature. CLSM and SEM observations indicated that 3Cr13MoCu stainless steel with optimum heat treatment could effectively killed the free bacteria and inhibited the formation of bacterial bio-films on its surface.

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