铝合金表面处理对AM60/A390液固扩散连接界面组织及性能的影响Effect of aluminum surface treatment on structures and properties of liquid-solid diffusion bonding interface of AM60/A390

利用压铸工艺将液态镁和固态铝液-固复合是镁/铝异种材料连接的新工艺，进行铝合金表面氧化膜去除工艺的研究，并在此基础上，利用自制的液固双金属复合装置将液态镁合金AM60与处理后的固态铝合金A390进行液固复合。研究铝合金表面处理对液态AM60/固态A390液固复合工艺的影响，分析研究复合试样界面的组织和性能。结果表明：采用铝合金表面处理工艺能有效地去除A390铝合金表面的氧化膜，同时在其表面形成一层含La₂O₃的包覆层。包覆层一方面可保护铝合金表面，避免再次被氧化；另一方面包覆层中的La₂O₃又可以改善液态AM60/固态A390复合界面的组织，提高界面结合强度。AM60/A390的液固复合界面的抗剪强度最高可达78.4 MPa。经过固溶处理之后，可将强度提高到84 MPa。

The die-casting is a new magnesium/aluminum dissimilar welding process via casting liquid Mg alloy onto solid Al alloy substrate. The process of removing the oxide layer on solid Al substrate surface was investigated, and on this basis, the melt magnesium alloy AM60 onto solid aluminum alloy A390 was overcastted by using home-made liquid-solid bimetal composite device. The experimental results indicate the surface treatment effectively removes the nature oxide layer on solid Al substrate surface, meanwhile, a layer containing La₂O₃ forms on the substrate surface. On the one hand, the coating can make aluminum alloy avoid re-oxidation. On the other hand, the La₂O₃ in the coating can improve the structure and the bonding strength of the interface of AM60/A390 bimetals. The optimal shear strength of diffusion bonding is achieved 60.6 MPa. After solution treatment, the shear strength increases to 84 MPa.

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